Understanding cervical cancer
Cervical cancer starts in the cells of the cervix, the lower part of the uterus. Almost all cases are linked to persistent infection with certain high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV). Because HPV infection and pre-cancerous changes can be detected before cancer develops, cervical cancer is one of the most preventable cancers.
HPV vaccination and prevention
HPV vaccines protect against the strains most commonly associated with cervical cancer. Vaccination is most effective when given before HPV exposure, and is recommended for adolescents through South African public and private programmes.
Screening
Screening detects cell changes on the cervix before they become cancer. Regular Pap smears and, where available, HPV testing can identify problems early. Follow the screening interval your doctor recommends.
Treatment
Treatment depends on how early the disease is caught and typically involves:
- Local treatment for pre-cancerous changes
- Surgery for early-stage disease
- Combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy for locally advanced disease
- Palliative treatment where cure is not possible, focused on comfort
Questions to ask your oncologist
- Q.What stage is my cervical cancer?
- Q.Do I need surgery, radiotherapy, or both?
- Q.How will treatment affect fertility?
- Q.What follow-up will I need after treatment?
Speak to our team
Have questions about your own situation?
General information cannot replace a consultation. Contact the practice to discuss your specific diagnosis and treatment options.